Variable in any programming language when we start
programming then first thing which we start with is variable. This chapter will
give full knowledge of variable’s operation .So let’s start learning process
with constant.
Constant
A constant is a value that newer get change. Like value of g
(gravitational force) is 9.8, value
of PI is 3.14 or your date of birth. Examples of different type of constant are
follows
Integer
Integer is numbers that exclude decimal part. For Example if
I ask to you that how many siblings you have. Your reply will always be in
integer without decimal part.
123,123.45,5
Decimal/Float
Decimal or float are number which
include integer with decimal part. Example of decimal number is your age, exam
marks, price etc.
12.00,123.23,423E524
Character
A character constant includes any single
character within the range of ASCII or any character type by keyboard in single
quote.
‘a’,’A’,’5’,’+’
String
A string constant includes one or
more than one character within double quote.
“A”,”123”,”Girfa”,”Girfa12@#+”
Variable
A variable is accumulator which
store data that can be change. Every variable in C language has a specific data
type so variable store only those data types which defined at the time
declaration.
Syntax
<data_type> Variable_name ;
Int a;
Int b=0;
First line declares variable named a
occupies two byte. Second line declares variable named b and assign it by 0.
Data type information table for 16 Bit
Type
|
Storage size
|
Value range
|
Input / Output Symbol
|
char
|
1 byte
|
-128 to 127 or 0 to 255
|
%c
|
unsigned char
|
1 byte
|
0 to 255
|
%c
|
signed char
|
1 byte
|
-128 to 127
|
%c
|
int
|
2 or 4 bytes
|
-32,768 to 32,767 or -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
|
%d
|
unsigned int
|
2 or 4 bytes
|
0 to 65,535 or 0 to 4,294,967,295
|
%d
|
short
|
2 bytes
|
-32,768 to 32,767
|
%d
|
unsigned short
|
2 bytes
|
0 to 65,535
|
%d
|
long
|
4 bytes
|
-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
|
%li
|
unsigned long
|
4 bytes
|
0 to 4,294,967,295
|
%lu
|
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