Conditional operator
Before start writing something about this post I want to ask
you a question.
Is computer IQ is greater than human?
What is your answer Yes/NO?
Answer
Computer IQ is zero. If IQ is zero then how can computer
work smartly and take decision like human.
It is possible of IF statement which enable your computer to
make decision. That is why every programming language support if-else statement.
Syntax
If(condition)
{
If condition is
true
Then this part
will be run
}
Else
{
If condition is
false
Then this part
will be run
}
Void main()
{
Int age;
Printf(“Enter your AGE>>
“);
Scanf(“%d”,&age)
If(age>18)
Printf(“\nEligible
for vote”);
Else
Printf(“\nNot
Eligible for vote”);
}
It was
simple example of if-else statement. if age input is greater than 18 then output
will be Eligible for vote otherwise Not Eligible for vote.
Before going to dive more you need to know some logical operator.
Boolean Data
If you are
making some condition then your result will be either true or false. So Boolean data
has two value only true or false.
True
1 or
Positive number
False
0 or
Negative number
Logical operator
Operator
Name
|
Example
|
Result
|
Greater than (>)
|
5>5
|
0
|
Less than (<)
|
5<5
|
0
|
Greater than equal to (>=)
|
5>=5
|
1
|
Less than equal to (<=)
|
5<=5
|
1
|
Not Equal to (!=)
|
5!=5
|
0
|
5!=4
|
1
|
&& (And) Operator
Return true
if all mention condition will true if any condition is false then result will
false.
Example :
you are going to apply in government job and checking eligibility on the basis of
Age>18
Gender=M
Graduation =
Pass with 60%
So you have
to qualify the every clause to claim eligibility if anything is false then you
will not apply for that particular job..
Truth Table
Argument
1
|
Argument
2
|
Result
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
void main()
{
int age,marks;
printf("Enter your age and
marks>> ");
scanf("%d%d",&age,&marks);
if(age>18 &&
marks>60)
printf("\nEligible");
else
printf("\nNot
Eligible");
}
|| (OR) Operator
Return true
if any condition become true from specified conditions.
For example
you going to attend any exam and invigilator demand your ID proof for entry. So
you have number choices of ID proof to show
- DL
- Voter Card
- Adhaar
- Passport
- PAN Card etc
If you have
any of the mention id previously then you will be allowed. You will be
disallowed only one circumstance if you don’t have any id as mention.
True Table
Argument
1
|
Argument
2
|
Result
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
void main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter
a character ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
if(ch=='a' || ch=='e'
|| ch=='i' || ch=='o'
|| ch=='u')
printf("\nVovel");
else
printf("\nConsonent");
}
Nested if
Sometimes we
make some decision which are further based on some other condition like you
want to buy Apple iphone7 then what will be your query to salesman
Do you sale
apple phone Y/N
If yes then do you have Iphone 7 Y/N
If yes buy otherwise return
You can
handle this type of situation by using nested if-else
Syntax
If(conition)
{
If(condtion)
True part
Else
False part
}
Else
{
If(condition)
True part
Else
False part
}
Example
: finding greatest number between three
number
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
printf("Enter
Three number>> ");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
if(a>b)
{
if(a>c)
printf("\n%d",a);
else
printf("\n%d",c);
}
else
{
if(b>c)
printf("\n%d",b);
else
printf("\n%d",c);
}
}
Some other fact of if statement
Curly Bracket
If your if
and else statement has only one statement then there is no need to curly
bracket otherwise mandatory if not , then only first statement just after if or
else will be consider being part of it. Following code will generate error
If(a>b)
Puts(“Hello “);
Pus(“You’re eligible”);
Else
Puts(“Not eligible”);
Error : misplace else
As you read
earlier curly bracket is optional if
only one line but in example we have two line for if and we omit curly bracket
so compiler will consider first statement and end if body so now else is
without if.
Semicolon after if
A=10;
B=20;
If(B<A);
Puts(“ok”);
Output : ok
because semicolon been used after if condition so compiler end if body on that
point that is why next statement is not part of if and print every time whether
condition is false.
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