Saturday 26 November 2016

Nested Structure

Nested Structure C Language

As you know though structure we can process data record by record that is why structure is called user defined data type. In some specific case you nested structure where a structure is inside of a structure. For example when process a student record with their dob. Take a look on following example.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef struct s
{
    int roll;
    char name[10];
    struct d
    {
         int dd,mm,yy;
    }dob;
}student;

Wednesday 23 November 2016

Static Variable

Static Variable

A static variable initialize by 0 instead of garbage at the time of declaration. Static variable retain its value in memory till the program is running.

On the other hand auto variable lost its data when function scope pass out . But static variable retain its value whenever  scope get over.

You can trace that how many times a function is being called.

void test()
{
    static int k; /* k will retain its value when function scope goes down */
    printf("\nThis function being called %d times ",++k);
}

Tuesday 22 November 2016

Read Only Memory

ROM

ROM is read only Non-Volatile memory written data into it while manufacturing. Data of Rom never get change in its entire life.

Example : BIOS,Firware,Console

PROM

PROM is Non-Volatime memory manufactured blank, a user writes program into it. Ones data written in PROM it never get change. PROM is permanent it retain its data when power goes off. you need a special device called a PROM programmer or PROM burner for writing data. The process of programming a PROM is sometimes called burning the PROM.

Example : mobile phones, Radio Frequency Identification cards (RFIDs), High Definition Media Interfaces (HDMI), and video game controllers

PROM Computer Memory

Sunday 20 November 2016

January, 2016 M1-R4: IT TOOLS AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS

January, 2016
M1-R4: IT TOOLS AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS


PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “OMR” answer sheet supplied with the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)

1.1 Which of the following is the commonly used browser?
A) Microsoft Internet Explorer
B) Microsoft Excel
C) Google
D) Microsoft Windows

1.2 GIF and JPEG files are examples of?
A) Microsoft Word Files
B) Images
C) Audio Files
D) Video Files

Prepare Statement Insert Mysqli

<html > <head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>Girfa : My SQLi Insert Tutorial</title>
</head>

<body>
<?php
$servername 
"localhost";
$username   
"root";
$password   
"password";
$dbname     
"dbname";

Friday 18 November 2016

Hut Using HTML

Hut Using HTML

HTML 5 supports graphics by Canvas and SVG.

Canvas

Canvas is a rectangular area specified by height and width where you can make drying using line,circle and many more . Following example create a hut using HTML canvas and line.

Hut Using HTML


<html>
<head>
<title>Graphics HTML : Girfa </title>

</head>

Monday 14 November 2016

Input Output Question Practice C Language

Q 1. Print a character with ASCII code using printf function?
Q 2. Try to string input with space using %s?
Q 3. Write down short notes with example on following function
Fclose
Puts
Gets
Fprintf
Scanf

Saturday 12 November 2016

For Loop in Python

for letter in 'Girfa':     # First Example

While loop in Python

count=1
while count <= 5:
    print count

While loop in Python

count=1
while count <= 5:
    print count

Switch Case in Python

Python does not support switch case direct but you can implement it by using else-if as in following manner

print "Enter day of the week  number>> "
a=int(raw_input())

if(a==1):
    print("Mon")
elif(a==2):
    print("Tue")
elif(a==3):
    print("Wed")
elif(a==4):
    print("Thu")
elif(a==5):

Switch Case in Python

Python does not support switch case direct but you can implement it by using else-if as in following manner

print "Enter day of the week  number>> "
a=int(raw_input())

if(a==1):
    print("Mon")
elif(a==2):
    print("Tue")
elif(a==3):
    print("Wed")
elif(a==4):
    print("Thu")
elif(a==5):

Nested If Statement in Python

print "Enter first number>> "
a=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Second number>> "
b=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Third number>> "
c=int(raw_input())
if(a>b):
    if(a>c):
            print "First number is Greatest "
    else:
            print "Third number is Greatest "

Nested If Statement in Python

print "Enter first number>> "
a=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Second number>> "
b=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Third number>> "
c=int(raw_input())
if(a>b):
    if(a>c):
            print "First number is Greatest "
    else:
            print "Third number is Greatest "

If Statement in Python

print("Enter your age")
age=int(raw_input())
if age>18:
    print("\nEligible for vote")

Logical or operator Python

print("Enter a character")
ch=raw_input()
if ch=="a" or ch=="e" or ch=="i" or ch=="o" or ch=="u" or ch=="A" or ch=="E" or ch=="I" or ch=="O" or ch=="U" :
    print("\n\tVowel")

Logical or operator Python

print("Enter a character")
ch=raw_input()
if ch=="a" or ch=="e" or ch=="i" or ch=="o" or ch=="u" or ch=="A" or ch=="E" or ch=="I" or ch=="O" or ch=="U" :
    print("\n\tVowel")

Logical and operator Python

print "Eligibility Check Program"
print("Enter your age>> ")
age=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Hieght"
h=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Percentage"
p=float(raw_input())
if(age>18 and h>5 and p>55.55):

Logical and operator Python

print "Eligibility Check Program"
print("Enter your age>> ")
age=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Hieght"
h=int(raw_input())
print "Enter Percentage"
p=float(raw_input())
if(age>18 and h>5 and p>55.55):

Input Output Python

# Store input numbers
num1 = input('Enter first number: ')
num2 = input('Enter second number: ')

# Add two numbers
sum = float(num1) + float(num2)

Thursday 10 November 2016

Assignment : DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES

Assignment 1.


What is the load on simple ALOHA system in packet/sec, with a data rate of 9600 bps,
packet size of 804 bits and G=0.75

{Where G is total rate of data presented to network for transmission or simply offered load}

Assignment : DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES

Assignment 1.


What is the load on simple ALOHA system in packet/sec, with a data rate of 9600 bps,
packet size of 804 bits and G=0.75

{Where G is total rate of data presented to network for transmission or simply offered load}

Passing Array to Java Script Function

You can an array to JavaScript function as an argument. In side of function you can handle this argument in any other programming language. Take a look on following example : 

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>Array to Java Script Function : Girfa</title>
<script language="javascript">
     function ardemo(ar)
     {
          
           for(i=0;i<ar.length;i++)
                document.write("[" +ar[i] + "] ");
          
          
     }
</script>
</head>

Wednesday 9 November 2016

Syllabus Data Communication and Network Technologies

Outline of Course


Sr No.
Topic
Minimum No. of Hour
1
Data Communications
06
2
Communication Network Fundamentals
08
3
Media Access Control
06
4
Networking Components
06
5
Link Control and MAC Protocols
05
6
Local Area Networks (LAN)
05
7
Wide Area Networks (WAN)
08
8
Application Protocols
08
9
Wireless Networks
03
10
Security and Management
05
Lectures
60
Practical/tutorials
60
Total
120

A9-R4: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES


Objective of the Course

This course will allow students to develop background knowledge as well as core expertise in data communication and networking (DCN) technologies, which is one of the fastest growing industries in today’s world. It forms an integral part of the modern Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in any organizations. Starting from intranet/extranet in small offices to the World Wide Web, principles of DCN play an important role in designing any modern telecom infrastructure.

A major ramification of the fantastic growth of telecommunications and networking is a dramatic increase in the number of professions, where an understanding of DCN is essential for success. Today, students wanting to understand the concepts and mechanisms underlying DCN infrastructures come from a variety of academic and professional backgrounds. Hence, to be useful, a course on DCN infrastructures must be accessible to students without technical backgrounds while still providing technical material comprehensive enough to challenge more experienced readers. This course is designed with this new mix of students in mind.

Tuesday 8 November 2016

Operator Priority : C Language

Operator
Description
Associativity
( )
[ ]
.
->
++ --
Parentheses (function call)
Brackets (array subscript)
Member selection in structure
Member selection of structure  via pointer
Postfix increment/decrement
left-to-right
++ --
+ -
! ~
(
type)
*
&
sizeof
Prefix increment/decrement
Unary plus/minus
Logical negation/bitwise complement
Cast (convert value to temporary value of
 type)
Access Data via Pointer
Address (of operand)
Determine size in bytes on this implementation

right-to-left

Monday 7 November 2016

Chess Board Using HTML Table

Chess Board Using HTML Table

<html>
<head>
<title>Girfa Student Help: Table</title>
</head>
<body>

<table width=100%>
<tr>
      <td width="12.5%"bgcolor=black    onmouseover="this.style.backgroundColor='yellow'" onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor=''">
      <br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
      </td>
      <td width="12.5%">
      </td>
      <td width="12.5%"bgcolor=black  onmouseover="this.style.backgroundColor='yellow'" onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor=''"  >
     
      </td>

Friday 4 November 2016

Operator C Language

Operator   C Language


Operator

In terms of programming an operator is a symbol which performs some specific task design by compiler. An Operator works on some operand which may be single or more than one. Operators, which work on single operand known as unary operator otherwise binary.
5+5 (five is operand and + is binary operator)
Following types of operators −
  • Arithmetic Operators
  • Relational Operators
  • Logical Operators
  • Bitwise Operators
  • Assignment Operators
  • Misc Operators

Wednesday 2 November 2016

July, 2010 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2010
A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)
1.1 A permission of 664 on a file means that a file has which of the following attributes?
A) - r - - r - - r - -
B) - r – x r – x r – x
C) - r w – r w – r - -
D) - r - - r - - r w –
1.2 The find command can be used to get information about files and directories. Which of the
following pieces of information can it find?
A) File ownership
B) The last time when the file was accessed
C) Files bigger than a certain size
D) All of the above

January, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

   January, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

1.1 The hidden files in Unix
A) have special status bit associated with the file descriptor
B) have names starting with a dot
C) can be accessed only by the operating system kernel
D) None of the above
1.2 Which one of the following is use of whatis command?
A) It shows short description of command
B) It shows user logged in
C) It shows file type
D) None of the above

July, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

 July, 2011
A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)
1.1 Which program searches given input for a pattern?
A) sort
B) grep
C) search
D) cat
1.2 The pwd command
A) Changes your password
B) Prints the current directory
C) Prints a file
D) None of the above

January, 2012 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2012
A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)
1.1 What operating system was Linux designed to "resemble somewhat"?
A) Minix
B) Windows
C) System V
D) Vunix
1.2 Which of the following is not a Linux boot loader?
A) Lilo
B) Syslinux
C) Grub
D) None of the above