Thursday, 10 November 2016

Passing Array to Java Script Function

You can an array to JavaScript function as an argument. In side of function you can handle this argument in any other programming language. Take a look on following example :

<html>

<head>

<title>Array to Java Script Function : Girfa</title>

function ardemo(ar)

{

for(i=0;i<ar.length;i++)

document.write("[" +ar[i] + "] ");

}

</script>

</head>

Raj Kumar

A programmer and Founder of Girfa IT Services, working from 2009.At Starting computer teaching was my full-time job but after 10 years of teaching I chose to programming as a full-time job and teaching become part-time. In real life, I am very lazy and I made it my coding style I always try to make a reusable component that’s my USP for programming which saves my time and extra working both.

Wednesday, 9 November 2016

Syllabus Data Communication and Network Technologies

Outline of Course

Sr No.	Topic	Minimum No. of Hour
1	Data Communications	06
2	Communication Network Fundamentals	08
3	Media Access Control	06
4	Networking Components	06
5	Link Control and MAC Protocols	05
6	Local Area Networks (LAN)	05
7	Wide Area Networks (WAN)	08
8	Application Protocols	08
9	Wireless Networks	03
10	Security and Management	05
Lectures		60
Practical/tutorials		60
Total		120

Raj Kumar

A9-R4: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES

Objective of the Course

This course will allow students to develop background knowledge as well as core expertise in data communication and networking (DCN) technologies, which is one of the fastest growing industries in today’s world. It forms an integral part of the modern Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in any organizations. Starting from intranet/extranet in small offices to the World Wide Web, principles of DCN play an important role in designing any modern telecom infrastructure.

A major ramification of the fantastic growth of telecommunications and networking is a dramatic increase in the number of professions, where an understanding of DCN is essential for success. Today, students wanting to understand the concepts and mechanisms underlying DCN infrastructures come from a variety of academic and professional backgrounds. Hence, to be useful, a course on DCN infrastructures must be accessible to students without technical backgrounds while still providing technical material comprehensive enough to challenge more experienced readers. This course is designed with this new mix of students in mind.

Raj Kumar

Tuesday, 8 November 2016

Operator Priority : C Language

Operator	Description	Associativity
( ) [ ] . -> ++ --	Parentheses (function call) Brackets (array subscript) Member selection in structure Member selection of structure via pointer Postfix increment/decrement	left-to-right
++ -- + - ! ~ (*type) & sizeof	Prefix increment/decrement Unary plus/minus Logical negation/bitwise complement Cast (convert value to temporary value of type) Access Data via Pointer Address (of operand) Determine size in bytes on this implementation	right-to-left

Raj Kumar

Monday, 7 November 2016

Chess Board Using HTML Table

<html>

<head>

<title>Girfa Student Help: Table</title>

</head>

<body>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

</td>

Raj Kumar

Friday, 4 November 2016

Operator C Language

Operator

In terms of programming an operator is a symbol which performs some specific task design by compiler. An Operator works on some operand which may be single or more than one. Operators, which work on single operand known as unary operator otherwise binary.

5+5 (five is operand and + is binary operator)

Following types of operators −

Arithmetic Operators
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Assignment Operators
Misc Operators

Raj Kumar

Wednesday, 2 November 2016

July, 2010 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2010

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)
1.1 A permission of 664 on a file means that a file has which of the following attributes?
A) - r - - r - - r - -
B) - r – x r – x r – x
C) - r w – r w – r - -
D) - r - - r - - r w –
1.2 The find command can be used to get information about files and directories. Which of the
following pieces of information can it find?
A) File ownership
B) The last time when the file was accessed
C) Files bigger than a certain size
D) All of the above

Raj Kumar

January, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

1.1 The hidden files in Unix
A) have special status bit associated with the file descriptor
B) have names starting with a dot
C) can be accessed only by the operating system kernel
D) None of the above
1.2 Which one of the following is use of whatis command?
A) It shows short description of command
B) It shows user logged in
C) It shows file type
D) None of the above

Raj Kumar

July, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2011

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1.1 Which program searches given input for a pattern?
A) sort
B) grep
C) search
D) cat
1.2 The pwd command
A) Changes your password
B) Prints the current directory
C) Prints a file
D) None of the above

Raj Kumar

January, 2012 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2012
A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1.1 What operating system was Linux designed to "resemble somewhat"?
A) Minix
B) Windows
C) System V
D) Vunix
1.2 Which of the following is not a Linux boot loader?
A) Lilo
B) Syslinux
C) Grub
D) None of the above

Raj Kumar

Monday, 31 October 2016

Loop : C Language

Loop

Suppose you’re a class teacher and your college organized a tour for somewhere so you have assigned a task to fill up tour fee form. Total 200 hundred students in your class, in this situation you need to reach each student seat and collect fees. If we analysis from computer point of view for this scenario then you need to take total 200 step for achieve this.

This was real life an example which creates a basic idea of repetitive task. This type of task needs some automatic process which minimizes our effort then loop is your solution. Following are some example of task where you need loop.

Printing all numbers between 1 to 100
Printing your name a number of times
Accessing some continuous item like arrays

C language gives you three types of loops to accomplished repetitive task.

While
For
Do-while

While Loop

Syntax:

Raj Kumar

Sunday, 30 October 2016

July, 2012 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2012

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)
1.1 Who developed the Linux?
A) Charles Babbage
B) Linus Torvalds
C) Alan Turing
D) None of the above
1.2 What terminology is not used in the Linux?
A) Shell
B) Process
C) File
D) Folder

Raj Kumar

January, 2013 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2013

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1.1 How to switch from text mode to GUI mode in linux?
A) <Ctrl><Tab>F7
B) <Ctrl><Shift>F7
C) <Shift><Tab>F7
D) <Ctrl><Alt>F7
1.2 Which one of the following gives Process ID in UNIX?
A) pid
B) showpid
C) ps
D) none of the above

Raj Kumar

July, 2013 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2013

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one and enter in the “OMR” answer sheet supplied with the question paper, following instructions therein. (1x10)

1.1 Which Linux command is used to assign privileges over a particular file to a designated user?
A) chroot
B) chown
C) assign
D) chgrp
1.2 According to the Linux filesystem hierarchy standard, which of the following directories would be
an appropriate location for a user to install a shared application to?
A) /sbin
B) /dev/user/bin
C) /usr/local/bin
D) /etc/bin

Raj Kumar

Friday, 28 October 2016

UGC Net Computer Science Paper 3 July-16 Page 8

71. Which of the following is characteristic of an MIS ?
(1) Provides guidance in identifying problems, finding and evaluating alternative
solutions, and selecting or comparing alternatives.
(2) Draws on diverse yet predictable data resources to aggregate and summarize data.
(3) High volume, data capture focus.
(4) Has as its goal the efficiency of data movement and processing and interfacing
different TPS.

72. How does randomized hill-climbing choose the next move each time ?
(1) It generates a random move from the moveset, and accepts this move.
(2) It generates a random move from the whole state space, and accepts this move.
(3) It generates a random move from the moveset, and accepts this move only if this
move improves the evaluation function.
(4) It generates a random move from the whole state space, and accepts this move only
if this move improves the evaluation function.

Raj Kumar

UGC Net Computer Science Paper 3 July-16 Page 7

61. The region of feasible solution of a linear programming problem has a _____ property in
geometry, provided the feasible solution of the problem exists.
(1) concavity
(2) convexity
(3) quadratic
(4) polyhedron

62. Consider the following statements :
(a) Revised simplex method requires lesser computations than the simplex method.
(b) Revised simplex method automatically generates the inverse of the current basis
matrix.
(c) Less number of entries are needed in each table of revised simplex method than
usual simplex method.
Which of these statements are correct ?
(1) (a) and (b) only
(2) (a) and (c) only
(3) (b) and (c) only
(4) (a), (b) and (c)

Raj Kumar

UGC Net Computer Science Paper 3 July-16 Page 6

51. Which of the following information about the UNIX file system is not correct ?
(1) Super block contains the number of i-nodes, the number of disk blocks, and the start
of the list of free disk blocks.
(2) An i-node contains accounting information as well as enough information to locate
all the disk blocks that holds the file’s data.
(3) Each i-node is 256-bytes long.
(4) All the files and directories are stored in data blocks.

Answer C
Explanation :

The default bytes per inode is approximately 16384. If you're running out of inodes, you might try for

example:mkfs.ext4 -i 8192 /dev/mapper/main-var2

52. Which of the following option with reference to UNIX operating system is not correct ?
(1) INT signal is sent by the terminal driver when one types <Control-C> and it is a
request to terminate the current operation.
(2) TERM is a request to terminate execution completely. The receiving process will
clean up its state and exit.
(3) QUIT is similar to TERM, except that it defaults to producing a core dump if not
caught.
(4) KILL is a blockable signal.

Answer D
Explanation :

Raj Kumar

Thursday, 27 October 2016

IF statement : C Language

Conditional operator

Before start writing something about this post I want to ask you a question.

Is computer IQ is greater than human?

What is your answer Yes/NO?

Answer

Computer IQ is zero. If IQ is zero then how can computer work smartly and take decision like human.

It is possible of IF statement which enable your computer to make decision. That is why every programming language support if-else statement.

Syntax

If(condition)

{

If condition is true

Then this part will be run

}

Else

{

If condition is false

Then this part will be run

}

Raj Kumar

Wednesday, 26 October 2016

HTML : Text Layout

Text Layout

Text layout defines position of text on a webpage. For make any matter or text effective we use many things like

New line
Paragraph
Space
Tab

Raj Kumar

Tuesday, 25 October 2016

Write a program to print only consecutive number of an array?

Q : Write a program to print only consecutive number of an array?

Answer: :

/* ###################################

Girfa : Student Help

Consecutive Number

For More Program Visit : http://girfahelp.blogspot.in/2012/09/some-program-of-c-language.html

###################################

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int ar[5],i;

clrscr();

for(i=0;i<5;i++)

{

printf("Enter %d position number>> ",i+1);

scanf("%d",&ar[i]);

}

printf("\n\tOriginal Array\n");

for(i=0;i<5;i++)

printf("\t%d",ar[i]);

printf("\n\tConsecutive Number\n");

for(i=0;i<5;i++)

Raj Kumar

Monday, 24 October 2016

January, 2014 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2014

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1.1 The nature of open source software
A) Software and source code available to all
B) The freedom to distribute software and source code
C) The ability to modify and create derived works
D) All of the above
1.2 Runlevel 6 is reserved for
A) Shutdown
B) Very basic commands
C) Reboot
D) Starting most of the machines services

Raj Kumar

July, 2014 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX & SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2014

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX & SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1.1 Which one of the following is used for file system check at startup?
A) syscheck
B) check
C) fsck
D) rootchk
1.2 Which one of following is used to redirect output to a file while still redirecting to another
program?
A) tee
B) >
C) >>
D) 2>

Raj Kumar

January, 2015 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX & SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2015

A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX & SHELL PROGRAMMING

PART ONE

(Answer all the questions)

1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate

one and enter in the “OMR” answer sheet supplied with the question paper, following

instructions therein. (1x10)

1.1 An ________ is a program whose function is to enable other programs to use the computer’s

hardware.

A) Operating system

B) Firmware

C) Application Software

D) All of the above

1.2 Thompson and Ritchie rewrote their UNIX operating system in ________ Language.

A) PASCAL

B) FORTRAN

C) C

D) C++

Raj Kumar

Heading : HTML

In our school day we make heading to highlight some text. In HTML heading is used same way.

Heading makes a text bold and change line. HTML has 6 different size heading. Heading is also important for SEO point of view you should have some heading on your page for better result in SEO.

<h1>Girfa : Student Help </h1>

<h2>Girfa : Student Help </h2>

<h3>Girfa : Student Help </h3>

<h4>Girfa : Student Help </h4>

<h5>Girfa : Student Help </h5>

<h6>Girfa : Student Help </h6>

Output

Girfa : Student Help

Raj Kumar

Sunday, 23 October 2016

Write a program to print an array in reverse order?

/* ##################################

Reverse an array

for more program visit : http://girfahelp.blogspot.in/2012/09/some-program-of-c-language.html

################################### */

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int ar[5],i;

clrscr();

for(i=0;i<5;i++)

{

printf("Enter %d position number>> ",i+1);

scanf("%d",&ar[i]);

}

printf("\n\tOriginal Input\n");

Raj Kumar

Scanf : C Language Function

Scanf

A function is use to take input from keyboard and transfer to a variable.

Syntax

Scanf(“format string”,&variable_list);

Format string : %d,%c,%f,%s has been use as format string .

Variable_list : Name of variable followed by address operator where input though keyboard been transferred.

Example

Scanf(%d”,&a); Integer input
Scanf(“%c”,&a); character input

Raj Kumar

Thursday, 20 October 2016

fclose : C Language stdio.h

fclose

Closes a stream

Declaration: int fclose(FILE *stream);

Remarks:

fclose closes the named stream.

All buffers associated with the stream are flushed before closing.

System-allocated buffers are freed upon closing.

Buffers assigned with setbuf or setvbuf are not automatically freed. (But if
setvbuf is passed null for the buffer pointer, it will free it upon close.)

Return Value
þ On success, returns 0
þ On error, returns EOF

Portability:

DOS

Yes

UNIX

Yes

C++ Only

Raj Kumar

Wednesday, 19 October 2016

Syllabus : M4.3-R4: INTRODUCTION TO ICT RESOURCES

Objective of the Course

This course has been designed to provide an introduction to Computer Hardware and Networking troubleshooting & maintenance. The student will be able to troubleshoot problems of PC and replace the defected parts of the computer. Students will understand the basic networking concepts and they will be able to establish and manage small networks.

At the end of the course students will be able to:

Assemble and disassemble a PC
Effectively use miscellaneous utilities such as: Compression, CD writing, Antivirus etc.
Establish and configure a small LAN
Perform simple network administration operation

Raj Kumar

Syllabus : M4.2-R4: INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA

Objective of the Course

This course aims to introduce the fundamental elements of multimedia. It will provide an
understanding of the fundamental elements in multimedia. The emphasis will be on learning
the representations, perceptions and applications of multimedia. Software skills and hands
on work on digital media will also be emphasized. On completion of the subject, the
students will understand the technologies behind multimedia applications and master the
skills for developing multimedia projects. After successfully completing the module student
should be able to:

Summarize the key concepts in current multimedia technology.
Create quality multimedia software titles.

Raj Kumar

Syllabus : APPLICATION OF .NET TECHNOLOGY

Objective of the Course

The objective of the course is to introduce .NET technology which provides multilanguage
environment to develop windows based software development. The focus is on

• .NET Framework
• Programming Language C#
• Visual Basic
• ASP .NET (for web application)

Raj Kumar

Syllabus : A3-R4: PROGRAMMING AND PROBLEM SOLVING THROUGH ‘C’ LANGUAGE

Objective of the Course

The objectives of this course are to make the student understand programming language,

programming, concepts of Loops, reading a set of Data, stepwise refinement, Functions, Control

structure, Arrays. After completion of this course the student is expected to analyze the real
life problem and write a program in ‘C’ language to solve the problem. The main emphasis of
the course will be on problem solving aspect i.e. developing proper algorithms.

After completion of the course the student will be able to
Develop efficient algorithms for solving a problem.
Use the various constructs of a programming language viz. conditional, iteration and
recursion.
Implement the algorithms in “C” language.
Use simple data structures like arrays, stacks and linked list in solving problems.
Handling File in “C”.

Raj Kumar

Syllabus : A3-R4: PROGRAMMING AND PROBLEM SOLVING THROUGH ‘C’ LANGUAGE

Objective of the Course

The objectives of this course are to make the student understand programming language,

programming, concepts of Loops, reading a set of Data, stepwise refinement, Functions, Control

After completion of the course the student will be able to
Develop efficient algorithms for solving a problem.
Use the various constructs of a programming language viz. conditional, iteration and
recursion.
Implement the algorithms in “C” language.
Use simple data structures like arrays, stacks and linked list in solving problems.
Handling File in “C”.

Raj Kumar

Syllabus : A2-R4: INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

Objective of the Course

The aim of this course is to provide you the conceptual and technological developments in the field of Internet and web designing with the emphasis on comprehensive knowledge of Internet, its applications and the TCP/IP protocols widely deployed to provide Internet connective worldwide. The World Wide Web with its widespread usefulness has become an integral part of the Internet. Therefore, this course also puts emphasis on basic concepts of web design.

At the end of the course the students will be able to: -

Review the current topics in Web & Internet technologies.
Describe the basic concepts for network implementation.
Learn the basic working scheme of the Internet and World Wide Web.
Understand fundamental tools and technologies for web design.

Raj Kumar

Tuesday, 18 October 2016

Clearerr : C language stdio.h function

Clearerr

Resets error indication

Declaration: void clearerr(FILE *stream);

Remarks:

clearerr resets the named stream's error and end-of-file indicators to 0.

Once the error indicator is set, stream operations continue to return error

status until a call is made to clearerr or rewind.

The end-of-file indicator is reset with each input operation.

Return Value: None

Raj Kumar

stdio.h : C Language Library

Stdio.h

This library has all input and output related function. List of available library functions are follows

clearerr fclose fcloseall fdopen feof ferror

fflush fgetc fgetchar fgetpos fgets fileno

flushall fopen fprintf fputc fputchar fputs

fread freopen fscanf fseek fsetpos ftell

fwrite getc getchar gets getw perror

Raj Kumar

Printf : Output Function

Getting Knowledge about input output is the most basic process to start learning any programming language. In C all available function reside in library file whose extension is .h

Stdio.h is header file which has most of the input output related function.I am going to show you most frequently useful function.

Raj Kumar

Pages

Thursday, 10 November 2016

Wednesday, 9 November 2016

Outline of Course

Objective of the Course

Tuesday, 8 November 2016

Monday, 7 November 2016

Friday, 4 November 2016

Operator

Wednesday, 2 November 2016

July, 2010 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2011 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2012A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

Monday, 31 October 2016

Loop

While Loop

Sunday, 30 October 2016

July, 2012 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2013 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2013 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

Friday, 28 October 2016

Thursday, 27 October 2016

Conditional operator

Wednesday, 26 October 2016

Text Layout

Tuesday, 25 October 2016

Q : Write a program to print only consecutive number of an array?

Answer: :

Monday, 24 October 2016

January, 2014 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING

July, 2014 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX & SHELL PROGRAMMING

January, 2015 A8-R4: BASICS OF OS, UNIX & SHELL PROGRAMMING

Girfa : Student Help